Why might a diver experience anxiety during a simple pneumothorax?

A diver might experience anxiety during a simple pneumothorax primarily due to shortness of breath and labored breathing. When a pneumothorax occurs, air enters the pleural space, leading to a collapse of part or all of a lung. This condition can result in significantly impaired breathing, making it difficult for the diver to get enough air. The physical sensation of struggling for breath is inherently distressing and can trigger feelings of panic or anxiety.

The body's response to this compromised respiratory function may further exacerbate anxiety. The diver may become acutely aware of their inability to breathe comfortably, which can heighten the sense of danger and fear associated with the situation. In high-stress environments like underwater, this anxiety can be amplified, particularly given the diver's natural instinct to seek oxygen and avoid situations that threaten their safety.

While factors like elevated oxygen levels, increased body temperature, and rapid heart rate may also have physiological effects, they are not the main reasons for anxiety in the context of a pneumothorax. The significant impact of labored breathing directly contributes to the diver's psychological response during this critical situation.