What occurs in pulmonary overinflation syndrome?

In pulmonary overinflation syndrome, gas expansion within the lungs can lead to serious lung injury. This condition typically occurs during scuba diving or in situations where divers experience rapid ascents or excessive inhalation of compressed gases. As the pressure decreases during ascent, the gases that were compressed at deeper depths expand. If a diver ascends too rapidly or takes in too much air without fully exhaling, this can cause the lungs to overexpand, resulting in tears or ruptures in lung tissue. The consequences can be severe, leading to complications like pneumothorax or embolisms, highlighting the importance of understanding and managing breath-holding and ascent procedures in diving safety practices. The recognition of gas expansion as a contributing factor to lung injuries is crucial for divers to prevent serious harm while underwater.